Wooden lining appeared almost immediately after the start of the active use of freight cars. They tried to sheathe a thin board of standard sizes. This has helped to simultaneously increase the convenience of rail transportation and reduce the cost of lining. Today, the lining has undergone a number of changes and has become a more convenient material. Its production begins with the preparation of edged boards and drying in special chambers. Further, using the planing method, it is adjusted to a seamless joint. The final step is miter cutting, implying precise cutting according to the required length.
Domestic and Euro lining
The production of domestic lining is regulated by GOST, and all European products are manufactured in accordance with international standards. It should be noted that the quality indicators are higher precisely for foreign samples. They are most easily distinguished by one characteristic feature - the longitudinal grooves on the back of the board, which ensures a more efficient collection of possible condensate, which then flows down the hollows. In a lining made in accordance with GOST, such an element is completely absent.
The grade of the European board is marked with the help of Latin letters: “A”, “B” and “C”.
Products with the marking “A” possess the highest quality, then “B” and “C”.The latter, usually used only for facing utility rooms. If we talk about domestic products, then its grade is marked by the numbers: "1", "2" and "3". The larger the number, the more defects and shortcomings can be found in such material. Recently, however, manufacturers have been paying much attention to super-high-quality material labeled “elite”, “premium” or “extra”. This lining meets the highest requirements and can be called premium products. But here it should be noted that often the lining of domestic production of "elite" or "premium" only corresponds to the European samples of grade "A".
Sizes of domestic and euro lining
The dimensions of a domestic-style lining are not regulated by GOST, so manufacturers sometimes themselves select the parameters of the material being manufactured. Today on the market you can find a lining with such dimensions: the thickness of the bar is from 12 to 40 mm, the width is from 76 to 200 mm, the size of the spikes is in the range of 4 - 5 mm. The length in meters is from 0.2 to 6. Errors are not included in the usual lining, however, such shortcomings are sometimes encountered.
Eurolining has more precise parameters, and when purchasing such a cladding board you can meet only a few of its types: lining thickness - 13, 16, 19 mm, width 80, 100, 110, 120 mm, length: 0.5 - 6 m. Spikes vary in the range from 8 to 9 mm. Strict requirements are also imposed on possible errors in the dimensions of the lining of a foreign sample. They can have the following parameters: thickness - 0.7 mm, width 1 mm, length - 5 m, spike - about 0.5 mm.
The largest range is noted in the length of the board. Its direct purpose depends on this parameter.
A long lining is widely used in almost all facing works, when the shortened version is suitable only for stitching overhangs or for forming a small wooden box masking communication. A short board costs several times less. Such material, in fact, is a waste of the main production. Usually this is due to the fact that in the longer bars during the trimming stage, so-called dead knots can be met, which are necessarily cut. “Dead” refers to those who do not hold well and can fall off the board. "Living" do not violate the structure. According to domestic and European quality standards, the latter are allowed to be left in grade “1” or “A” products. For this reason, the lining of short length begins its marking with the second grade. Often it is completely unsuitable for serious internal work. In order to get small high-quality boards, you need a long wooden lining for cutting.
Cost
Regardless of the grade of the beam, the size of the lining will directly affect its value. However, the final price of wood cladding also depends on the shape of the product, as well as the type of wood. If we talk about standard bars with a length of 6 m with a grade of "1" or "A", then you can approximately determine the cost of 1m2:
- Plain. Such material also has the popular name "collective farmer." Lining width - a quarter of a standard board.Products of the first grade will cost in the range from 300 to 500 rubles. The most expensive is linden and cedar. 1m2 "Collective farmers" from such wood will cost the buyer up to 1000 rubles.
- Calm. The working width is from 9 to 14 cm. However, this indicator does not significantly affect the price. Least have to spend on linden and alder. Their cost varies in the range from 450 to 550 rubles. The average price will be larch - 550 - 650 rubles, and the most expensive cedar - from 900 to 1200 rubles.
- Block house. Width - about 15 cm. The budget option is pine and alder - from 250 to 500 rubles. for 1 m2. Standard bars of linden and larch - from 1000 to 1500 rubles. Cedar - up to 2500 rubles.
- American. It is usually not produced in bulk and is made only on order with a bar width of 14 to 16 cm. Price - about 1000 rubles per 1 m2
It is worth noting that the first grade or “A” is the best option for wooden cladding. Extra-class products usually differ in price by an increase of about 25%, and the cost of timber with quality below standard "A" will decrease by 20-23% with each new position. If we talk about the minimum length, then for each type you can safely throw off 50% of the cost of a six-meter board. For a three-meter beam - about 20%.